Hümbelin, OliverOliverHümbelin2026-03-172026-03-172025-08-29https://doi.org/10.24451/arbor.13465https://arbor.bfh.ch/handle/arbor/47233This paper examines differences in the intention to claim social assistance across social structural groups. Drawing on the CARIN model of welfare deservingness, we argue that such intentions are not merely shaped by legal eligibility or material need but are embedded in moral hierarchies and social identities. Using unique data from the Swiss EU-SILC 2023 survey, we analyze how socio-economic status, employment, and migrant background influence individuals stated willingness to apply for means-tested benefits in hypothetical situations of financial need. Our results show that lower-status individuals—despite higher levels of need—are more reluctant to claim assistance. This reluctance is particularly pronounced among migrants from outside Europe and among those with low levels of education. In contrast, Swiss citizens and individuals with high income and education exhibit less concerns about applying. These patterns suggest that perceptions of deservingness are internalized and socially stratified. We conclude that non-take-up of means-tested benefits is not only a matter of policy design or administrative barriers but also reflects deeply ingrained social norms about who is seen—and sees themselves—as legitimately entitled to support.enWelfare DeservingnessSocial AssistanceNon-Take-UpSocial InequalityI. Health, Education, and Welfare::I3 Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty::I38 Government Policy • Provision and Effects of Welfare ProgramsD. Microeconomics::D6 Welfare Economics::D63 Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and MeasurementI. Health, Education, and Welfare::I3 Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty::I32 Measurement and Analysis of PovertyJ. Labor and Demographic Economics::J1 Demographic Economics::J15 Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants • Non-labor Discriminationconference_item