Evaluating the use of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate as a mineral-based fire retardant for application in melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF)-bonded wood-based composite materials

Ozyhar, Tomasz; Tschannen, Christof; Thömen, Heiko; Zoppe, Justin O. (2021). Evaluating the use of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate as a mineral-based fire retardant for application in melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF)-bonded wood-based composite materials Fire and Materials, 46(3), pp. 595-604. Wiley https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.3009

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Calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate (DCPD) was evaluated for its potential as a mineral fire retardant (FR) for application in melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF)-bonded wood composites. The efficacy as FR was studied in melamine-urea-formaldehyde (MUF)-bonded three-layer particleboard as a function of addition quantities of 10-, 20- and 30 wt%. Resistance to fire and mechanical properties were determined by measuring the self-extinguishing time after flame exposure and internal bond strength, respectively. Combustion behavior was examined on samples with 20 wt% DCPD addition by performing cone calorimetry experiments. The efficacy of DCPD was evaluated by determining the heat release, total heat release rate, smoke production, and smoke production rate and compared to another promising mineral-based fire-retardant composition (FRC) based on hydroxyapatite (HA) with deliquescent salt and HA alone. The effect of FR on the curing behavior of MUF in relation to mechanical properties was determined through viscosity measurements of MUF with 10 wt% addition of FR. The results confirmed the fire-retardant characteristics of DCPD in wood composites, albeit at higher application rates when compared to the FRC, however with no negative impact on resin curing time or mechanical strength. Based on the demonstrated compatibility in MUF, DCPD is considered a promising mineral extender of other FRs for application in UF-based wood composites.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institute for Materials and Wood Technology School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institute for Materials and Wood Technology > Wood Chemistry School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institute for Materials and Wood Technology > Surface Treatment School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institute for Materials and Wood Technology > Polymer Chemistry School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institute for Materials and Wood Technology > Composite Materials School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institut for Building Materials and Biobased Products IBBM School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institut for Building Materials and Biobased Products IBBM > Biopolymers and Wood Chemistry group FGBH School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institut for Building Materials and Biobased Products IBBM > Wood Modification and Gluing Technology group FGHV School of Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering > Institut for Building Materials and Biobased Products IBBM > Materials and Life Cycle Assessment group FGWO
Name:	Ozyhar, Tomasz; Tschannen, Christof; Thömen, Heiko and Zoppe, Justin O.
Subjects:	T Technology > T Technology (General) T Technology > TP Chemical technology
ISSN:	1099-1018
Publisher:	Wiley
Language:	English
Submitter:	Christof Tschannen
Date Deposited:	12 Jan 2022 15:27
Last Modified:	20 Dec 2022 09:39
Publisher DOI:	https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.3009
Uncontrolled Keywords:	calcium orthophosphate fire retardant hydrated mineral mineral extender resin curing water vapor release
ARBOR DOI:	10.24451/arbor.16157
URI:	https://arbor.bfh.ch/id/eprint/16157