Optimization of a ventilation system integrated into a window frame using CFD simulations

A decentralized ventilation system has the potential to decrease the pressure drop in
a ventilation system and consequently, increase the efficiency of the system and building skin. Including a decentralized ventilation system in a window cavity allows independent regulation of the fresh air quality in each room and can be easily installed without any additional brickwork. In this study, a novel ventilation system integrated into a window-frame is examined and the most critical region regarding pressure drop is identified using computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations. The entire fresh air channel including the optimized section is compared with the original volume regarding system resistance and satisfaction of the required airflow according to Swiss standards. The results suggest a relocation of the restricting control unit and an increased cross-section to decrease the air velocity and the pressure drop. The simulations predicted that the required airflow for sufficient indoor air quality is exceeded using the optimized geometry.