What is it we assume with every link? Unpacking the black box of causality

Causality or causal linkages are central to the methodology of system dynamics (SD). SD models are supposed to contain and represent only causal relationships as opposed to correlations. Yet, the notion of causality, including the concept, its role, and function in the context of SD modeling, have not received much attention in the SD literature. This paper seeks to contribute to a clear understanding of “causality” for both SD researchers and practitioners by combining results from the philosophy of science and practical experience from SD modeling project work. In the end, we will generate new knowledge that is vital for the SD community and aims at substantially contributing to the quality and impact of SD modeling activities in all kinds of environments.