Development of a diet quality score and adherence to the Swiss dietary recommendations for vegans

Bez, Natalie Sara; Haddad, Joyce; Tedde, Giulia Simona; Rose, Karolin; Ivanov, Aljoscha Vladimir; Milazzo, Marina; Wickart, Joëlle; Casale, Giulia; D'Ascanio, Michele; Van der Horst, Klazine; Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle; Bogl, Leonie-Helen (2024). Development of a diet quality score and adherence to the Swiss dietary recommendations for vegans Journal of Health, Population and Nutrition, 43(17), pp. 1-11. BMC Springer Nature 10.1186/s41043-024-00498-3

Preview

Text s41043-024-00498-3.pdf - Published Version Available under License Creative Commons: Attribution (CC-BY). Download (1MB) | Preview

Background: Vegan diets have recently gained popularity in Switzerland as well as globally. The aim of the present study was to develop a diet quality score for vegans (DQS-V) based on the Swiss dietary recommendations for vegans. Methods: The dataset included 52 healthy vegan adults. Dietary intake data were assessed by three-day weighed food records. Body weight and height were measured, and a venous blood sample for the analysis of vitamin and mineral status was collected. Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used due to not-normally distributed data. Dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis (PCA). Results: The DQS-V score (mean ± SD) was 48.9 ± 14.7. Most vegans adhered to the recommended portions of vegetables, vitamin C-rich vegetables, fruits, omega-3-rich nuts, fats and oils, and iodized salt. However, the intake of green leafy vegetables, vitamin C-rich fruits, wholegrains, legumes, nuts and seeds, selenium-rich nuts, zero caloric liquid, and calcium-fortified foods was suboptimal. The sample overconsumed sweet-, salty-, fried foods, and alcohol. The DQS-V had a significantly positive correlation with intakes of fibre, polyunsaturated fatty acids, potassium, zinc, and phosphorus intakes (p's < 0.05) but was negatively correlated with vitamin B12 and niacin intakes (p's < 0.05). Two dietary patterns were derived from PCA: 1) refined grains and sweets and 2) wholegrains and nuts. The correlation between the DQS-V and the first dietary pattern was negative (- 0.41, p = 0.004) and positive for the second dietary pattern (0.37, p = 0.01). The refined grains and sweets dietary pattern was inversely correlated with beta-carotene status (- 0.41, p = 0.004) and vitamin C status (r = - 0.51, p = 0.0002). Conclusion: The newly developed DQS-V provides a single score for estimating diet quality among vegan adults. Further validation studies examining the DQS-V in relation to an independent dietary assessment method and to biomarkers of nutritional intake and status are still needed before the general application of the DQS-V. Keywords: Diet index; Diet quality score; Dietary patterns; Vegan diet; Vegan dietary guidelines; Vegan recommendations.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	School of Health Professions School of Health Professions > Nutrition and Dietetics
Name:	Bez, Natalie Sara0000-0002-2695-5361; Haddad, Joyce0000-0002-9774-3817; Tedde, Giulia Simona; Rose, Karolin; Ivanov, Aljoscha Vladimir; Milazzo, Marina; Wickart, Joëlle; Casale, Giulia; D'Ascanio, Michele; Van der Horst, Klazine0000-0001-7265-428X; Herter-Aeberli, Isabelle0000-0003-0134-6217 and Bogl, Leonie-Helen0000-0003-4316-2619
ISSN:	1606-0997
Publisher:	BMC Springer Nature
Funders:	Organisations 580 not found.; Organisations 2021 not found.
Projects:	Projects 2021 not found.
Language:	English
Submitter:	Natalie Sara Bez
Date Deposited:	09 Feb 2024 14:36
Last Modified:	09 Feb 2024 14:36
Publisher DOI:	10.1186/s41043-024-00498-3
Related URLs:	Publication
PubMed ID:	https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38291526/
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Diet index Diet quality score Dietary patterns Vegan diet Vegan dietary guidelines Vegan recommendations
ARBOR DOI:	10.24451/arbor.21169
URI:	https://arbor.bfh.ch/id/eprint/21169