Blasimann Schwarz, Angela; Busch, Aglaja; Henle, Philipp; Bruhn, Sven; Vissers, Dirk; Baur, Heiner (2023). Neuromuscular control in males and females 1 year after an anterior cruciate ligament rupture or reconstruction during stair descent and artificial tibial translation Scientific Reports, 13(1) Springer 10.1038/s41598-023-42491-6
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Neuromuscular alterations are reported in patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACL-R) and conservative treatment (copers with ACL deficiency, ACL-C). However, it is unclear whether sex influences neuromuscular control. The objective was to investigate differences in neuromuscular control regarding sex and treatment type one year after ACL rupture in comparison to a group with an intact ACL (ACL-I). Electromyography of vastus medialis (VM) and lateralis, biceps femoris (BF) and semitendinosus (ST) was recorded in ACL-R (N = 38), ACL-C (N = 26), and ACL-I (N = 38) during stair descent and reflex activity by anterior tibial translation while standing. The movements of stair descent were divided into pre-activity, weight-acceptance and push-off phases, reflex activity in pre-activation, short, medium (MLR), and long latency responses (LLR). Normalized root mean squares for each muscle of involved and matched control limb per phase were calculated and analyzed with two-way ANOVA (α = 0.05). During stair descent, neuromuscular differences of BF were significant during push-off only (p = 0.001). Males of ACL-R and ACL-C had higher BF activity compared to ACL-I (p = 0.009, 0.007 respectively). During reflex activity, VM and BF were significantly different between treatment groups for pre-activation (p = 0.013, 0.035 respectively). VM pre-activation of females was higher in ACL-R compared to ACL-C (p = 0.018), and lower in ACL-C compared to ACL-I (p = 0.034). Males of ACL-R showed higher VM and less BF pre-activation (p = 0.025, p = 0.003 respectively) compared to ACL-I. Males of ACL-C had less BF pre-activation compared to ACL-I (p = 0.019). During MLR, intra-group differences in ST were found for treatment (p = 0.011) and females of ACL-R compared to ACL-I (p = 0.015). During LLR, overall intra-group differences in VM were present for treatment (p = 0.034) and in females (ACL-R versus ACL-C (p = 0.015), ACL-I (p = 0.049), respectively). One year after an ACL rupture, neuromuscular alterations persist regardless of treatment and sex. Standard rehabilitation protocols may not be able to restore neuromuscular control. Future research should include long-term follow up and focus on exercises targeting neuromuscular function.
Item Type: |
Journal Article (Original Article) |
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Division/Institute: |
School of Health Professions School of Health Professions > Physiotherapy School of Health Professions > Physiotherapy > Neuromuscular Control |
Name: |
Blasimann Schwarz, Angela 0000-0003-0934-8284; Busch, Aglaja 0000-0001-6025-3710; Henle, Philipp; Bruhn, Sven; Vissers, Dirk and Baur, Heiner 0000-0002-4780-225X |
ISSN: |
2045-2322 |
Publisher: |
Springer |
Language: |
English |
Submitter: |
Angela Blasimann Schwarz |
Date Deposited: |
27 Sep 2023 11:36 |
Last Modified: |
01 Oct 2023 01:38 |
Publisher DOI: |
10.1038/s41598-023-42491-6 |
ARBOR DOI: |
10.24451/arbor.20032 |
URI: |
https://arbor.bfh.ch/id/eprint/20032 |
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