Eight-Year Longitudinal Changes in Body Composition in Healthy Swiss Adults

Kyle, Ursula G.; Melzer, Katarina; Kayser, Bengt; Picard-Kossovsky, Michel; Gremion, Gerald; Pichard, Claude (2006). Eight-Year Longitudinal Changes in Body Composition in Healthy Swiss Adults Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 25(6), pp. 493-501. American College of Nutrition 10.1080/07315724.2006.10719564

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Objective: Significant changes in body composition occur during lifetime. This longitudinal study (8.0 ± 0.8 yrs) in a cohort of healthy sedentary and physically active men (n = 78) and women (n = 53), aged 20 to 74 yr describes: 1) the longitudinal changes in weight and body composition and 2) their associations with age and physical activity. Method: Fat-free mass (FFM) and body fat (BF) were assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Subjects who regularly performed >3 hours per week of endurance type physical activity were classified as “Active”. Others were classified as “Sedentary”. Subjects were also separated by age (<45 yr vs ≥45 yr). Results: FFM increased by 1.7 ± 2.8 kg in men <45 yr who gained 4.0 ± 5.0 kg of body weight and was maintained (0.5 ± 1.6 kg) in women <45 y who gained 1.6 ± 3.0 kg of weight. A weight gain of 1.2 ± 3.3 kg in men ≥45 yr was accompanied by stable FFM (−0.1 ± 2.3 kg), and of 1.0 ± 3.2 kg was accompanied by a loss of FFM in women ≥45 yr. In active men ≥45 yr, maintenance of FFM was associated with smaller weight gains than in sedentary; sedentary men ≥45 yr decreased FFM with larger weight gains than active subjects. Sedentary women <45 yr were able to gain FFM; the active women maintained, but did not gain FFM with smaller weight gains than in sedentary women. FFM decreased in ≥45 yr women despite of small weight gains. Conclusion: Weight change is clearly associated with a change in FFM. Weight gain is necessary to offset age-related FFM loss between 20 and 74 yrs. In active men, a FFM increase was associated with less weight gain than sedentary men. Future studies should evaluate the threshold of weight change and the level of physical activity necessary to prevent age-related losses of FFM.

Item Type:	Journal Article (Original Article)
Division/Institute:	Swiss Federal Institute of Sports Magglingen SFISM > EHSM - Leistungssport
Name:	Kyle, Ursula G.; Melzer, Katarina; Kayser, Bengt; Picard-Kossovsky, Michel; Gremion, Gerald and Pichard, Claude
ISSN:	0731-5724 (Print) 1541-1087 (Online)
Publisher:	American College of Nutrition
Language:	English
Submitter:	Service Account
Date Deposited:	04 Feb 2021 12:50
Last Modified:	22 Sep 2021 02:17
Publisher DOI:	10.1080/07315724.2006.10719564
PubMed ID:	17229896
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) Fat-free mass Body fat BIA-measured FFM Body composition Longitudinal BF = body fat BMI = body mass index FFM = fat-free mass
URI:	https://arbor.bfh.ch/id/eprint/11166